Fritz: All Fritz

home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search

/ Fritz: All Fritz / All Fritz.zip / All Fritz / FILES / GAME_CGA / REACTOR.LZH / RXGAME.DOC < prev next >

Wrap

Text File | 1986-08-22 | 34KB | 844 lines

System: Pressurizer Operating Limits: Level - 50% to 85% Function: Maintains primary loop pressure by creating steam bubble. Provides reservoir of primary coolant to handle sudden changes in temperature, thereby insuring that the core remains covered. Pressurizer heaters must be covered at all times {heaters located below 45% level}. Controls: Pressurizer heaters operated by F7. Pressurizer level controlled by F2 {Primary Drain Valve} and 'D' {Make- up Feed Direction Control}. Use F2 to drain, and 'DP' to fill pressurizer. Note: Make-up Feed Pump must be operating {'M' control}. System: Reactor Vessel Operating Limits: Temperature - 75 to 800F Pressure - 0 to 3000 Psi. Level - 100% Rod Height - 0 to 100% Function: Provide control, structure, and cooling for reactor core. Designed to maintain core completely covered and adequately cooled. Core must not be above 212F without pressurization {See pressurizer}. Rod height controls reactivity of core and heat produced. Controls: 'ESC' command initiates complete shutdown including starting emergency pump and make-up feed pumps, as well as shutting pressurizer drain valve and dropping rods to bottom. 'F1' drops rods to bottom and shuts pressurizer drain valve. Both SCRAM commands turn off automatic control system. 'R' command controls rod height. Pressurizer level maintains pressure and reactor level. 'P' command controls coolant flow through core. 'E' command controls emergency cooling flow to core. System: Primary Loop Operating Limits: Primary Flow - 0 to 100% Function: Primary loop provides recirculation of pressurized water to remove heat from the reactor core. Flow is maintained by the primary coolant pump. The primary loop is monitored for any leakage, and excessive radiation levels {indicating core damage or failure}. Controls: 'P' command controls coolant flow rate. See reactor vessel, emergency cooling system and pressurizer for other controls. System: Emergency Cooling System Operating Limits: Level - 0 to 100% Flow - 0 to 100% Function: Provides rapid cooling directly to reactor core in case of primary or secondary loop failure. Emergency cooling system is designed for one time operation only. It must then be repaired during a normal main- tenance shutdown. Controls: 'ESC' starts 100% flow to reactor. 'E' command con- trols emergency cooling pump flow. Reactor must be completely shutdown to re-fill emergency cooling reservoir. System: Heat Exchanger Operating Limits: Temperature - 75 to 500F Level - 65 to 100% Function: Provides heat transfer from primary system to secondary system. Provides steam generation for oper ation of the turbo-generator system. Isolates potent ially contaminated coolant from rest of system. Pro vides surge volume for changes in temperature of secondary system. Pressurizes secondary system. Controls: 'DS' controls heat exchanger level. If make-up feed pump is off and 'DS' is selected, the heat exchanger will be drained. Otherwise, heat exchanger will be filled. 'P' controls heat flow into heat exchanger, and 'S' controls heat flow out of heat exchanger. System: Secondary Cooling System Operating Limits: Flow - 0 to 100% Temperature - 75 to 500F Level - 50 to 100% Pressure - 0 to 1000 Psi Condenser Inlet Temperature - 75 to 300F Condenser Pressure - 14 to 0 Psi. Condenser Outlet Temperature - 75 to 212F Function: Provides recirculation of water to produce steam for turbine. System takes suction on condenser discharge and provides pressurized water to heat exchanger. Controls: 'S' controls coolant flow in secondary system. 'DS' directs make-up feed water to secondary system. 'F3' and 'F4' control turbo-generator. System: Turbo-Generator Operating Limits: Heat exchanger temperature - 212 to 500F Turbine Speed - 3,600 RPM Function: Produces electricity from steam generated in heat exchanger. Field control starts electricity genera tion and controls turbine speed. Controls: 'F3' trips turbine on and off line. Turbine must not have secondary coolant temperature below 212F. 'F4' trips generator field on and off. Field should be selected at 3,250 RPM and will regulate speed. 'F8' controls lube oil pump. System: Lubricating Oil System Operating Limits: Lube Oil Level - 50 to 100% Lube Oil Pressure - 80 to 90 Psi Lube Oil temperature - 75 to 200F Function: Provides lubrication to the turbine and generator. Controls: 'F8' trips lube oil pump on and off. Lube oil level can only be increased during maintenance shutdowns. Auxiliary power 'F10' must be on for pump to operate. System: Make-up Feed System Operating Limits: Level - 10 to 100% Flow - 0 to 100% Recirculation Flow - 0 to 50% Function: Provides additional coolant to the primary and secon dary cooling systems to make-up for losses from leak age or expansion. Make-up feed pump should be left in recirculation mode when not in use. Make-up feed reservoir is replenished continuously. Controls: 'M' controls make-up feed flow rate. 'D' directs make-up feed to 'P' primary system, 'S' secondary system, 'N' recirculation. System: Auxiliary Power Operating Limits: None Function: Provides electrical power during start-up and shut down, and whenever generator is not producing power. Controls: 'F10' trips auxiliary power on and off. System: Alarm and Warning Operating Limits: None Function: Provides warnings, advisory and emergency alarms. Yellow alarms are advisory or warning in nature, and red alarms are emergency conditions. Warning alarms provide indication of a condition approaching damage levels. Other warning indications are provided by the symbols of pumps. An '+' indicates pump off, an 'O'indicates pump running and an 'X' indicates pump damaged. Turbine speed is indicated by the vanes in the turbine assembly. When the vanes are horizontal, the turbine is stopped. When the vanes are verticle, the turbine is at normal operating speed. The same symbols apply to the generator. Detailed information on the warning and alarm system is availble by lightpen on the alarm or through the Help key. Controls: 'Up Arrow' silences the audible alarm, and resets it so that when a new warning occurs, the alarm sounds. 'U' disables the audible alarm, until 'U' is pressed again. 'Q' tests all alarms by turning them all on. System: Automatic Rod Control System Operating Limits: Operating Range - 350 to 505F Engagement Range - 500 to 750F Function: Controls heat exchanger temperature to within limit set by Control Bias value, 1 to 5 degrees. Heat exchanger temperature may be set to the Control set point or may be automatically calculated. Automatic Rod control system should be used whenever heat ex changer temperature exceed 494F. Controls: 'F5' selects automatic control system on or off. 'C' sets heat exchanger temperature to reference. 'B' set sensitivity range for control. This range should be set to 1 for operation near system limits. 'F6' enables automatic temperature calculation depending on demand. 'ESC' and 'F1' turn off this system whenever they are used. SYSTEM ALARMS 01 RX TEMP - High Reactor Temperature This alarm indicates high reactor core temperature. Imme- diate action should be taken to reduce core temperature by using Emergency SCRAM 'ESC', SCRAM 'F1', or Rod Height 'R0'. Also consider using Emergency Cooling 'E100'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Reactor core temperature above 750F. Danger (Red) Point: Reactor core temperature above 800F. 02 RX PRESS - Low Reactor Pressurization This alarm indicates low reactor core pressurization, which could result in localized boiling and fuel element failure. Use Emergency SCRAM 'ESC'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Reactor pressure below 2 X Reactor temperature. Danger (Red) Point: Reactor pressure below 1.8 X Reactor temperature. 03 RX Level - Low Reactor Level This alarm indicates a loss of reactor coolant such that the reactor core is in danger of becoming uncovered. Use Emergency Cooling 'E100', or Make-up Feed to Primary 'M100 DP'. Warning (Yellow) Point: None. Danger (Red) Point: Reactor coolant level below 100%. 04 Rod Bottom - Rod Bottom Indication This indication indicates when the control rods are comple- tely inserted. Warning (Yellow) Point: Control Rods on bottom, completely inserted. Danger (Red) Point: None 05 RAD HIGH - High Radiation Level This alarm indicates above normal radiation levels in the containment building. This may be due to normal continuous high power operation or to fuel element failure. No im- mediate action necessary. Warning (Yellow) Point: Radiation level above 200 Milli- rem/hour. Danger (Red) Point: Radiation level above 500 Milli- rem/hour. 06 Press Lvl - Pressurizer Level This alarm indicates that the pressurizer level is out of specification. A level too high will result in a pres- surizer failure and primary coolant leakage. Pressurizer level too low will result in pressurizer heater failure and loss of pressurization to the reactor. Control level with Primary Drain Valve 'F2' and Make-up Feed 'DP'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Pressurizer level above 85% or below 50%. Danger (Red) Point: Pressurizer level above 90% or below 45%. 07 Pri Flow - Primary Coolant Flow Rate This alarm indicates that the primary coolant flow rate is out of range. If the flow is too low, the reactor core receives inadequate cooling. If too high, the primary pump is overstressed and may fail prematurely. Warning (Yellow) Point: Primary flow above 90%, or below .12 X Reactor temperature. Danger (Red) Point: Primary flow 0. 08 Emerg Low - Low Emergency Coolant Level This alarm indicates that the Emergency Coolant reservoir is below safe operating levels. Warning (Yellow) Point: Emergency Coolant below 25%. Danger (Red) Point: Emergency Coolant level below 10%. 09 Xchg Temp - High Heat Exchanger Temperature This alarm indicates that the Heat Exchanger temperature is exceeding design limits. Action should be taken to reduce Primary temperature and to increase Secondary Coolant Flow 'S100'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Heat Exchanger temperature above 495F. Danger (Red) Point: Heat Exchanger temperature above 500F. 10 Sec Level - Secondary Coolant Level This alarm indicates low Secondary Coolant level. Make-up Feed 'DS' should be used to bring the level back to 100%. Warning (Yellow) Point: Secondary Coolant level below 90%. Danger (Red) Point: Secondary Coolant level below 50% 11 Sec Flow - Secondary Coolant Flow This alarm indicates that the Secondary Coolant flow rate is out of range. Low Secondary Coolant flow can cause Heat Exchanger failure or Secondary Coolant pump damage. High flow can result in overstressing the pump. Warning (Yellow) Point: Secondary Coolant Flow rate above 90%. Danger (Red) Point: Secondary Coolant Flow rate 0. 12 Cnd In Temp - High Condenser Inlet Temperature This alarm indicates high condenser inlet temperature. This can result in damage to the turbine, Secondary Coolant pump and to the Condenser circulating pump. Warning (Yellow) Point: Condenser inlet temperature above 275F. Danger (Red) Point: Condenser inlet temperature above 300F. 13 Cnd Hi Press - High Condenser Pressure This alarm indicates high Condenser Pressure due to high condensate temperature or low Secondary Coolant flow. High Condensate pressure damages the Secondary Coolant pump. Increase Secondary Coolant Flow 'S100'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Condenser Pressure above 4 Psi. Danger (Red) Point: Condenser Pressure above 10 Psi. 14 Cnd Out Tmp - High Condenser Outlet Temperature This alarm indicates high Condenser outlet temperature. High condensate temperature causes damage to the Secondary Coolant pump. Increase Secondary Coolant flow 'S100', or decrease Heat Exchanger Temperature. Warning (Yellow) Point: Condenser Outlet Temperature above 195F. Danger (Red) Point: Condenser Outlet Temperature above 212F. 15 Turb Speed - Turbo-Generator Speed This alarm indicates that the Turbo-Generator system is not on design speed of 3,600 RPM. Turbo-Generator overspeed damages the turbine and generator. Generator Trip valve 'F3' and Generator Field control 'F4' effect Turbo-Genera- tor speed. Warning (Yellow) Point: Turbo-Generator speed other than 3,600 RPM. Danger (Red) Point: Turbo-Generator speed above 3,636 RPM. 16 LOil Temp - High Lubricating Oil Temperature This alarm indicates High Lubricating Oil temperature. This can damage the Lubricating Oil pump and the Turbo- Generator. Warning (Yellow) Point: Lubricating Oil Temperature above 200F. Danger (Red) Point: Lubricating Oil Temperature above 212F. 17 LOil Level - Lubricating Oil Level This alarm indicates low Lubricating Oil level. Low level can damage the Lubricating Oil Pump and Turbo-Generator. Warning (Yellow) Point: Lube Oil Level below 35%. Danger (Red) Point: Lube Oil Level below 15%. 18 LOil Press - Lubricating Oil Pressure This alarm indicates unsafe Lubricating Oil Pressure. Low Lube Oil pressure can damage the Turbo-Generator. Lube Oil Pump control 'F8'. Warning (Yellow) Point: Lube Oil pressure above 90 and below 79. Danger (Red) Point: Lube Oil pressure above 95 and below 72. 19 MkFeed Level - Low Make-up Feed Level This alarm indicates when Make-up Feed level is below safe operating levels. Make-up feed replenishment will slowly take place during normal operations; system refilled during maintenance shutdowns. Warning (Yellow) Point: Make-up Feed level below 40%. Danger (Red) Point: Make-up Feed level below 5%. 20 Pump Temp - High Pump Temperature This alarm indicates that one or more of the six pumps is overheating. The pumps are Primary Coolant, Secondary Coolant, Condenser Circulation, Lube Oil, Emergency Cool- ing, and Make-up Feed. Warning (Yellow) Point: Pump temperature above 175F. Danger (Red) Point: Pump temperature above 212F. 21 Cntrl Warn - Control/Auxiliary Power Warning This alarm indicates loss of auxiliary power or an error detected by the automatic control system. Loss of aux- iliary power results in failure of all pumps and controls if the generator is not producing power. Warning (Yellow) Point: Automatic Control off above 600F reactor temperature. Danger (Red) Point: Automatic Set-point off and Control set point above 494F. Loss of Auxiliary Power. 22 Turb Trip - Turbo-Generator Tripped This alarm indicates that the Turbo-Generator trip valve is open, and that the secondary coolant is being dumped directly into the condenser. Warning (Yellow) Point: Turbo-Generator Trip valve open. Danger (Red) Point: Turbo-Generator not tripped and Heat exchanger temperature below 212F. 23 Pri Drain - Primary Drain Valve Open This alarm indicates that the Primary Drain Valve is open and allowing Primary Coolant to drain from the pressurizer. Warning (Yellow) Point: Primary Drain Valve open. Danger (Red) Point: None. 24 Pr Htr OFF - Pressurizer Heaters Off This alarm indicates that the Pressurizer Heaters are off. The Reactor temperature should not exceed 212F when the Pressurizer Heaters are off. Warning (Yellow) Point: None Danger (Red) Point: Pressurizer Heaters Off 99 FUNCTION KEY DEFINITIONS (file FUNKEY.DOC) 01 ESC - Emergency Shutdown. This function key causes the reactor to execute an Emergency SCRAM. The rods are sent to the bottom, and the make-up feed pump speed is in- creased to 100% and the make-up feed flow is directed to the primary loop. The primary drain valve is shut and the emergency cooling pump is started. This function key will safely shutdown the reactor and minimize damage to the reactor core. It should be used in any emergency. 02 F1 - SCRAM. This function key shuts down the reactor by send- ing the rods to the bottom and by shutting the primary drain valve. This function key should be used while conducting a normal shut-down of the reactor. Care must be taken to prevent damage to the reactor core due to low pressurizer level when using this function key. 03 F2 - Primary Drain Valve. This function key controls the primary drain valve which is used to maintain pressurizer level within the required range on 50-85%. This fun- ction key alternately opens and shuts the drain valve. 04 F3 - Turbine Trip Valve. This function key controls the position of the turbine trip {bypass} valve which is used to prevent liquid water from entering the turbine. This valve should be open {Turb Trip warning (Yellow) on} whenever heat exchanger temperature is below 100C. Care should be taken not to exceed the condenser pressure/temperature limits when operating this valve. 05 F4 - Generator Field Control. This function key controls the generator field and speed control system. The generator field must be on for production of power. When the generator field is on, the turbine speed is auto- matically regulated to 3,600 RPM to maintain the electric current frequency at 60 Hz. This fun- ction key provides the only direct control of turbine speed. 06 F5 - Automatic Control. This function key controls the automatic rod height control system which is designed to main- tain the heat exchanger temperature near the control set point temperature. This system fun- ctions only above 500C reactor temperature and will maintain the temperature within the range specifed by the Bias setting below the control set point temperature. 07 F6 - Automatic Set-point. This function key controls the automatic set point computer. This computer adjusts the control set point and primary and secondary cool- ant pumps to maintain the production rate above the demand. This computer should generally only be used when the demand is above 1700 KW. 08 F7 - Pressurizer Heaters. This function key controls the pressurizer hea- ters which are used to maintain a steam bubble in the pressurizer. The steam bubble creates pres- sure on the primary loop which prevents boiling in the reactor core, which could cause fuel ele- ment failure or meltdown. The pressurizer hea- ters must be on any time the reactor temperature exceeds 100C. Primary coolant pressure must be at least 2X reactor core temperature to prevent damage to the reactor core. 09 F8 - Lube Oil Pump. This function key controls the operation the the turbine and generator lubricating oil circulation pump. This pump provides high pressure oil to the bearings of the turbine and generator. The Lube oil pump must be on whenever the turbine is operating. 10 F9 - Condenser Circulating Pump This function key controls the condenser circulating pump. This pump provides coolant flow for the condenser. The exhaust steam from the turbine is condensed into water, and the condensate is pumped to the steam generator for recycling. This pump should be operating when- ever the secondary temperature is above 212F. 11 F10 - Auxiliary Power. This function key controls the auxiliary power source which is used to provide electricity to the reactor plant whenever the generator is not functioning. Auxiliary power is required during start up and shutdown of the reactor plant, and should be on at all times. 12 Left Arrow - Plant Display. This function key swithes the display between the graphic and numeric displays. The numeric display shows the current value of the specific system values. This display also shows the last 5 log entrys, if the Autolog-Screen function is selected. The graphic display shows a schematic of the plant and a chart displaying the last 30 minutes of the four most important indicators. Pumps, valves, and levels are indicated on the schematic. Pumps that are off are indicated by an '+', pumps that are running are indicated by an 'O', and pumps that have failed are indicated by an 'X'. Shut valves are indicated by a solid white circle. Open valves are indicated by a black stripe indicating the direction of flow through the valve. Fluid levels are indicated by white blocks in the various vessels and storage tanks. Turbine and generator speeds are indicated by the angle of the throttle vanes in the symbols. A horizontal vane indicates speed 0, and a verticle vane indicates normal operating speed. 13 Up Arrow - Alarm Silence. This function key switches the audible alarm on and off. The alarm sounds whenever there is a warning or danger indication on the alarm panel. COMMAND KEYS (file COMKEY.DOC) 01 A - Select Auto Log Feature. The 'A' command selects the Auto Log feature which provides a means to make a hard copy record of a simulation run. The 'AE' commands enables the auto- log feature and allows selection of the destination of the log output. 'S' selects the display screen on the numeric display screen, 'D' selects a disk file named 'HISTORY.DAT', and 'P' selects the printer connected to 'LPT1:'. Auto-Log reocrds every command isssued and any danger warnings issued by the reactor. This feature can be disabled by the 'AD' option or by pressing 'A' and 'Return'. 02 B - Set Bias value. The 'B' command allows the setting of the bias value used by the automatic control system to maintain the heat exchanger temperature near the set point tempera- ture. This value may range from 1 to 5. 1 is the most sensitive setting and should be used whenever the reactor is operating close to its' limits. This value may only be changed when automatic control is on. The set point temperature is controlled by the 'C' com- mand. 03 C - Set Automatic Control Temperature. This command sets then heat exchanger temperature that will be maintained by the automatic control control system {F5}. The value can be set anywhere from 350F to 505F. The automatic control program will adjust rod height to maintain the heat exchanger temperature within the Bias setting of the control temperature. This temperature will be automatically adjusted to meet power demand when Automatic Set-point {F6} is on. This value can only be changed when automatic control is on. 04 D - Make-up Feed Destination. This key allows selection of the destination for the make-up feed flow. 'P' causes make-up feed to be sent to the primary loop, 'S' causes feed to be sent to the secondary loop, and 'N' causes feed to be recircul- ated. The make-up feed pump should be operating for flow to go to the primary or secondary loops. The secondary loop will drain if 'S' is selected and the make-up feed pump is off. 05 E - Emergency Coolant Pump Speed. This command selects the emergency cooling pump speed. The pump can either be off, speed 0, or on, speed 1 to 100%. This pump is used to provide rapid cooling to the reactor core. The emergency cooling supply is limited, but is adequate to lower the core temperature to safe levels. 06 F - Freeze and Save Simulation Run. This command stops the simulation run and saves the pertinent variables to a file named 'RXFRZ.DAT'. When the simulation is started at a later time, the opera- tor is asked whether the saved simulation should be executed. A 'Y'es answer will load the variables and restart the simulation at the point it was frozen. Only one simulation run can be frozen at any time. 07 G - Current Production Graph This command graphs the electrical output against the demand. The graph shows the most recent 10 hour period. 08 09 M - Make-up Feed Pump Speed. This command selects the speed of the make-up feed pump. The pump can be off, speed 0, or on, speed 1 to 100%. This pump is used to provide additional coolant to the primary and secondary cooling systems. As the reactor heats up, primary coolant must be drained to maintain the primary volume within limits. As the reactor cools down, coolant must be added to make up for the drained coolant. The secondary system loses coolant through gland sealing steam and minor leakage. This pump should be on at all times, running at 50% or less. In this recirculation mode, make-up feed is instantly available. 10 P - Primary Coolant Pump Speed. This command selects the pump speed of the primary coolant pump. This pump circulates high pressure water through the reactor core and transfers heat from the reactor to the heat exchanger. This pump normally operates at 90% or above. Both the primary and secon- dary coolant pumps must both be off to completely shut down the reactor. 11 Q - Alarm and Warning Test This command tests the alarm and warning indicators on the console. Pressing this key a second time resets the alarm and warning indications and shows only the active alarms. 12 R - Rod Height. This command selects the control rod height. The control rods provide direct control over the reactivity of the core, and thereby control the core's temperature. The higher the rods, then the core is more reactive, and more heat is produced. The opera- ting range of the rods is between 0, on the bottom, and 100%, completely withdrawn. The two SCRAM com- mands {ESC and F1} cause the rods to be instantly dropped to the bottom. 13 S - Secondary Coolant Pump Speed. This command selects the speed of the secondary cool- ant pump. This pump circulates the condensed steam from the cooling tower/condenser to the heat exchanger where it again produces steam. This pump normally operates at 90% or above. Both this pump and the primary coolant pump must be off to completely shut the reactor down. 14 T - Terminate Simulation This command terminates the simulation and calculates a score based on the production rate, damages incur- red, and production deficit. The score is adjusted for the length of the simulation run. A cumulative score is maintained in the file 'RXSTATUS.DAT'. Erasing this will clear the cumulative score. 15 U - Disable Alarm This command switched the audible alarm system on and off. 16 V - Current Version This command displays the current version number of the Reactor-100 main program. Please refer to this number when reporting any problems with the program. 17 Z - Change Timer Setting This command allows changes to the time interval bet- ween screen updates. The allowable intervals are 0 (no delay), or 3 to 10 seconds. The normal update interval is once every 2.5 seconds. 18 'H' - Provides information. Help is available by using the help key or using the lightpen. The help menu can be used by entering the number next to the subject of interest. The lightpen can be used to select Help on any item of interest by pointing the lightpen at the subject and pressing the switch. The lightpen can also be used on the Help menus. 19 Tab - Bypass Sign-on Message This command can be used during the program sign-on to bypass the delay. This will also bypass the initial Help screen.